

Demolition
breakers - most often used to break up concrete - are available as hand-held models,
attachments for machines such as backhoes and skid-steer loaders and self-contained units.
Breakers are found on every road and bridge repair job, but they can be used to break up
any concrete surface - sidewalks, driveways, curbing, floors, foundations - and rock.
Breakers frequently are used to dig small excavations through paving to get to underground
utility lines.
Breakers
are only one of many kinds of special tools used in demolition. Each one has its own
purpose, and that opens the possibility of building the rental order by providing the
customer with several specialized tools. To know what is required, ask plenty of questions
about the job - materials, thicknesses, how big is the job?, is there rebar to cut?, how
deep do you have to go?, what do you have to go through?, etc.
Rivet
busters are designed to cut rivets off metal structures. Digging equipment may be required
to get through clay, shale formations or frozen ground. Chipping hammers, rock drills and
reciprocating hammer-drills may be needed.
Hand-held
hydraulic tools can be operated off the hydraulic systems of backhoes, trenchers and other
equipment, but many contractors prefer to use separate hydraulic power packages to avoid
tying up expensive machinery.
Hand-held
units also are available in pneumatic and electric models. Customers may need to rent air
compressors, generators or hydraulic power units also.
Customers
want to know a breaker's weight, power source, length of stroke and the number of blows
per minute (BPM) it can deliver.
Attachment
breakers most often are rented for use with backhoes, skid-steer loaders and excavators.
Compatibility with equipment customers already have can be a factor in the choice of tool.
Who rents this equipment?
Breakers
and other demolition tools are rented by demolition contractors, companies specializing in
highway and bridge construction, repair and maintenance, paving and utility contractors,
road maintenance departments and other government agencies, including military
installations, utility companies and plant maintenance personnel. Individuals also may
rent breakers, but many may not be able to handle such equipment - ask homeowner renters
if they've had any experience using breakers.
Operation
While
breakers and similar demolition tools are relatively uncomplicated in design and
operation, they are not easy for the inexperienced to use. Before operating any type of
breaker, customers must read and comprehend operating and safety instructions.
Instructional videos help, too.
First-time
users need to get a feel for hand-held equipment and learn not to exert physical strength
against the force generated by the breaker. Breaker equipment must be used with the
correct power source. Show customers how to connect and disconnect hoses.
To
operate properly, the tool must be positioned perpendicular to the working surface; that
alignment must be maintained during operation. The boom and dipper must be adjusted to
maintain sufficient applied pressure for breaker attachments used on backhoes or
excavators.
Work
should be started at the outside of the work area, rather than the center. Move the tool
often and do not allow a breaker to strike the same spot for more than 30 seconds. Turn
off the breaker while repositioning it.
Rental
personnel must make sure customers have the correct steel tools for job conditions they
expect to encounter. Moil points are good for general work; cross-cut and straight-cut
chisels are used on concrete and asphalt and for trenching; blunt tools are for boulders
and concrete; spades are for soft rock, hard clay and paving.
Do
not use damaged or worn tools. Know what tools the manufacturer recommends for what
surfaces. Never use a breaker for work it was not designed to do. Do not use the steel
tool for prying - a common cause of breakage - and never use a breaker as a lifting
device.
Maintenance on the job
Breaker
equipment is one rental tool category that does require maintenance during the rental
period. Proper lubrication is essential. Air and electric breakers are not
self-lubricating. Some models have built-in oilers that must be refilled.
Be
sure to clean and lubricate tool points.
The
vibrating action of breaker equipment loosens bolts, nuts and retaining pins. Check
fasteners at regular intervals and tighten as necessary. Check hose connections and
inspect all hoses for damage. Check steel tools for wear and damage and replace when
necessary. Operation of breakers can produce high volumes of dust, so regular cleaning is
necessary to maintain performance.
Safety
The
use of breaker-type demolition equipment poses serious hazards for operators and any
person standing near the work area. Safety begins with a thorough understanding of
potential hazards and how to avoid them. Operation manuals include detailed safety
instructions and warnings. Decals warn of specific dangers.
Losing
control of a hand-held breaker can cause serious injury. This powerful equipment can throw
pieces of concrete or rock with great force. Do not allow other workers or bystanders in
the work area. If people come too close, stop work immediately and have them move to a
safe distance.
Wear
appropriate protective clothing - hard hats, gloves, eye and hearing protection and safety
boots; and for some applications, face protection and dust masks, too.
Disconnect
the power source before performing any type of maintenance or adjustment. Never leave
unattended equipment connected to its source of power.